Gender Inequality in Modern Hong Kong Society - 9403 Words

The Title Gender Inequality In Modern Hong Kong Society. Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS.....................................................................................†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.i LIST OF GRAPHS...............................................................................................†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...ii LIST OF TABLES...............................................................................................†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....ii 1 Abstract 1 2 Thesis Statement 2 3 Methodology 3 4.1 Recommendation to Reduce Gender Inequality in Work Place 4 4.2 Recommendations About Gender Equality in the Education 5 4.3 Recommendation to Reduce Gender Inequality Within Families 6 4.4 Recommendation to Reduce Gender Inequality in Media 8 4.5 Recommendation to Reduce†¦show more content†¦However, most people know how to solve the problem of gender inequality, as most of the respondents will complain to the Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) and complain to the company managers. In the employment part of research, men employees have higher opportunities to engage in high-level positions, but there is no evidence to show that to be laid off due to employees’ genders. In the education part of research, from the results of survey, it shows only a small degree of gender inequality in education system. Most of interviewees will spend the same proportion on their sons and daughters. For family part, we find that the gender inequality exists in families. The expectation of women is getting higher, they only need to take care the family, and also need to bear economic burden. Also men still hold more power than women, they act as a leader in decision-making. In media part, over a half of interviewees agreed that mass media always creates gender inequality, specially TV and magazines. We also find that gender inequality exists in politics nowadays, women have less opportunity to be elected, and in the villages of New Territories women have no rights for votin g and electing. 2 Thesis Statement Recognising that men and women, should have equal status for human rights In Hong Kong, we have Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) and the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination AgainstShow MoreRelatedSocial inequality is a necessary evil of capitalist society‚Äà ¹. Please comment with the reference of the sociology perspectives being discussed in the lecture and textbook.2012 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿2. Social inequality is a necessary evil of capitalist society†. Please comment with the reference of the sociology perspectives being discussed in the lecture and textbook. Social inequality exists in every society, no matter it is capitalist society or communist society. Yet, referring from three of the sociology perspectives, it proves that social inequality is a necessary evil of capitalist society. Capitalism affects the whole situation of different countries on different aspects, examplesRead MoreWomen s Public Image And Policies Essay2344 Words   |  10 Pageschance to pursue education or even to vote, and now gender equality has became one of the most discussed topic in the nation. Even though many countries and cities are involved in the evolution of gender equality, their attainments on the issue vary, like the United States and Hong Kong. In the U.S., women are being presumed as incapable to finish hard task by themselves, or undeserved for a higher position in corporations. 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The Early Days of the Christian Church Sin and Salvation

Introduction In the early days of the Christian Church, the focus was on defining what it meant to be a Christian. At the same time, the church was plagued with controversies on the nature of God and Christ. While the church worked to establish doctrine on the nature of God and, Christ a controversy arose concerning human nature. The controversy started in the 5th century when Pelagius a British spiritual director heard a bishop quote from Augustine’s Confessions. The quote stated, â€Å"Grant what you command and command what you will†. Pelagius believed the quote allowed humans to avoid taking responsibility for choosing to sin. Pelagius’ views on the nature of sin and grace not only conflicted with Augustine’s views but they conflicted with the church’s views. Prior to the controversy, the church’s main concern had been for Christians to resist evil thoughts and desires. Moreover, like Augustine the early fathers believed that Adam’ s fall was the reason for human sin and death. 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Diagnostic Methods & Treatment Of Tiopronin †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Diagnostic Methods And Treatment Of Tiopronin. Answer: Name Class and Structure of Tiopronitin Tiopronin contains acylatedsufhydryl and is a derivative of glycine. It has reducing and complexing properties (16). Tiopronin cleaves disulfide bonds found in cystine molecules, and then bind the sufhydryl group of the monomers of cysteine (5). These results in the formation of Tiopronin-cysteine-mixed disulfide, that is readily soluble in water (more than cystine) and thus can be readily excreted. This can help to reduce cystine concentration in urine, and therefore can be used to treat formation of cystine stone (4). Biochemical Pathway (Substrates/Precursors) Cystine is the substrate for biochemical pathway for Tiopronitin and the precursor form is -Ethylxanthogenpropionylglycin, -Benzylmercaptopropionylglycin, 2-(2-benzoylsulfanylpropanoylamino) acetic acid, (2-Bromo-Propionylamino)-Acetic Acid (5). Tiopronin can affect secretary pathways of Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi, Lissome, and Vesicles, particularly the kidneys. In effect, it can be involved in any activity where cystine is involved (5). The principle metabolite is 2-mercaptopropionic acid (2-MPA) (6). Effects of Manipulator Cellular/ Tissue level: Tiopronin can augment the levels of intracellular cysteine by disulfide exchange reactions. An increased availability of cysteine causes an augmentation in the formation of cystathionine. Also helps to maintain low levels of intercellular cystine. Molecular basis of cystinuria is linked with the failure of the cellular transport system, caused by mutation in SLCA1 and SLC7A9 genes (8). These genes code for a heterodimer that helps to reabsorb filtered cystine from the proximal tubule of nephron. Extensive protein binding occurs in the plasma by forming disulfide bridges (7). Organism level: Reduction in the concentration cystine in urine reduces the risks of kidney stones. Tiopronin is absorbed slowly.Peak concentration is reached 3-6 hours after ingesting. It is 100% excitable via urine. Half-life is about 53 hours (8). Total renal clearance (total and unbound) at 3.3 to 13.3 L/Hr. High doses can interfere with the maintenance of pregnancy and fetus viability (19). Biochemical synthesis: N substituted glycines are substrates for peptidylglycine a-amidatingmonooxygenase. [Figure 1: Preparation from thiorphan. Source] Tiopronin is synthesized from its precursor molecules, and then the crystals are extracted. There are 4 synthesis routes for the preparation of Tiopronin. Each route starts from a of the precursor molecule, mentioned above (9). [Figure 2: Tiopronin preparation. Source: www.ebi.ac.uk] Crude Tiopronin (TPN) is thiol containing glycine derivative. It is extracted by ethyl acetate (EA) from aqueous solution, evaporated and concentrated to get TPN crystals. TPN dissolved in deionized water is extracted by EA reagent by counter current extraction (10). Co factor activity: Pyridoxine is a cofactor for alanine glycoxilate aminotransferase (AGT), which catalyses the conversion of glyoxilate to glycine, which is the parent molecule of Tiopronin (15). Deficiency of AGT causes the formation of oxalate from glyoxalate (3). Half Life: Tiopronin has a long half-life of 53 hours. However, in the unbound state the drug fraction of Tiopronin can be eliminated from blood plasma with 1.8 hours of calculated half-life. Toxicity: Due to recycling process of Tiopronin, the overall level of toxicity is increased in bloodLong term carcinogenicity and mutagenicity studies on the effect of Tiopronin have not been done. Experimental animal studies have shown an interference with the processes that maintain pregnancy and viability of fetus (12). The possibility of teratogenicity has not been ruled out; due to the usage of Tiopronin, since d-penicillamine (a drug that has similar mechanism) is has been related to teratogenicity (20). Tiopronin is not recommended for breastfeeding mothers, and its safety in usage for children below 9 years has not been established (11). Research The recent research work has highlighted upon few of the important characteristics that is related to the metabolism of alcohol that is influenced by the activity of Tiopronin. From experimental studies, it is clear that effects of Tiopronin have little or no significance in the alcohol level of blood (13). This is due to the fact that all the changes that are done in the level of alcohol can be altered due to the fact that the changes are reversible. The biochemical reactions that occur in the blood alcohol level are reversible (2). Diagnosis Most of the diseases related to the activity of Tioproninare caused due to alter in the rate of metabolic reactions. It has been seen that oral health disease is caused due to the effects of Tiopronin. Cystinuria is also one of the names of the disease that is caused due to the effects of Tiopronin (14). The cysteine stone is one of the genetic disorders that is caused due to the activity of Tiopronin. This one of the major genetic autosomal disorders, which can be prevented through possible medication that includes through penicillamine (15). Treatment The treatment can for the disorder for Tiopronin can be treated with the gene therapy. The dosage of the medication depends upon the type of therapy. The medication is followed by plenty of water as an important part of the diet. The dosage of the medication depends upon the body weight of the patient (1). The side effects that are associated with the disease includes that of skin complications and other forms of hypersensitivity reactions. The quality of the life of the patient worsen due to the adverse side effects associated with the medication (17). Policy The legal policy related to that of treatment of Tiopronin is related with that of the ethical concerns associated with that of gene therapy. The legal procedures also follows the policy that are associated with that of the drugs (18). The selling of the drugs related to that of Tiopronin has be done under particular trade license of drug and chemical selling. It is also essential for the drug manufacturer to provide detail and relevant information about the composition of the drugs. The manufactures also have the legal duty to make necessary precautions for all forms of adverse situations that are associated with the use of the drugs (5) References Koene S, Smeitink J. Metabolic manipulators: a well-founded strategy to combat mitochondrial dysfunction. Journal of inherited metabolic disease. 2011 Apr 1;34(2):315-25. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. tiopronin [Internet]. Pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2017 [cited 13 October 2017]. Available from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/tiopronin#section=Top Uda J, Wakamatsu H, Yamagami N, inventors; Ajinomoto Kk, assignee. Method of producing n acyl alpha amino acids. United States patent US 3,766,266. 1973 Oct 16. Claes DJ, Jackson E. Cystinuria: mechanisms and management. Pediatric Nephrology. 2012 Nov 1;27(11):2031-8. Lopez-Tobar E, Herna?ndez B, Ghomi M, Sanchez-Cortes S. Stability of the disulfide bond in cystine adsorbed on silver and gold nanoparticles as evidenced by SERS data. The Journal of Physical Chemistry 2013 Jan 10;117(3):1531-7. Fattah H, Hambaroush Y, Goldfarb DS. Cystine nephrolithiasis. Translational andrology and urology. 2014 Sep 1;3(3):228. Saravakos P, Kokkinou V, Giannatos E. Cystinuria: current diagnosis and management. Urology. 2014 Apr 30;83(4):693-9. Sela M, White Jr FH, Anfinsen CB. Reductive cleavage of disulfide bridges in ribonuclease. Science. 1957 Apr 12;125(3250):691-2. Meister A. Biochemistry of the amino acids. Elsevier; 2012 Dec 2. Tang Z, He Z, Li H, Guo D, Zhao Z. Process Intensification in Tiopronin Extraction. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications. 2016 Dec 1;7(6):433. Huo S, Shi H, Liu D, Shen S, Zhang J, Song C, Shi T. Kinetics and mechanism of reactions of the drug tiopronin with platinum (IV) complexes. Journal of inorganic biochemistr 2013 Aug 31;125:9-15. Huo S, Jin S, Zheng K, He S, Wang D, Liang X. Preparation and characterization of doxorubicin functionalized tiopronin-capped gold nanorods for cancer therapy. Chin Sci Bull. 2013 Aug 23;58:4072-6. ac.uk E. ChEMBL [Internet]. Ebi.ac.uk. 2017 [cited 13 October 2017]. Available from: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/bioactivity/results/1/cmpd_chemblid/asc/tab/display

Malcom x learning to read free essay sample

Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925. He was one of the most articulate and powerful leaders of black America during the 60s. Malcolm X dropped out of school after 8th grade. Shortly after this he got involved in criminal activity and eventually ended up in prison. Prison motivated him to further his reading and become literate. He wrote letters to Mr. Elijah Muhammad of the Islam Nation, about the rarely told story of the â€Å"black man† in history. Some of his literacy sponsors were prison, the Nation of Islam, and injustices of the â€Å"white man† throughout history and the incorrect views. During the civil rights movement, he emerged as the leading spokesman for black separatism, a philosophy that urged black Americans to cut political, social, and economic ties with the white community. Malcolm X convinced the readers to obtain achievement though self-education. He started out not knowing anything but how to survive as a street hustler. We will write a custom essay sample on Malcom x learning to read or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then later on checking out books from the prison library and underlining and highlighting words he was not familiar with which ended up helping him expand his once none existent vocabulary. While reading books by Elijah Muhammad, the founder of the Nation of Islam, he discovered the truth behind what was written in history books. The book showed him how history had been covered up by the whites, â€Å"Book after book showed me how the white man had bought upon the world’s black, brown, red and yellow peoples every variety of the sufferings of exploitation. † Malcolm X took his ability to read and his new outlook on life to educate black people in an effort to change the world. He tries to inspire his audience; if he can teach himself with an 8th grade education then others can too. He was inspired by the minister Elijah Muhammad and he impacted his life because Elijah Muhammad was the main reason he wanted learn how to write and read and not just stumble over words he didn’t know. During this time African Americans were working toward gaining political and economic rights. More than ever the African American community needed some type of leadership and inspiration to guide them through such a grueling stage in history. Malcolm X was one of the most influential voices of the civil rights movement. The topic â€Å"Learning to read† was to inform us how Malcolm X learned to read and write and his strong passion for knowledge. There is some talk about how the white man has done evil deeds to nonwhites and Malcolm X does show his unfortunate dislike towards the white man because of history. Overall, Malcolm X focuses on how time has given him the opportunity to learn more than many people can ever hope to learn. Malcolm X being in jail all those years was well needed, because if he was out in the streets hustling then he would have never gained that thrive and excitement for knowledge that he lacked.